Texas sets its own course. The state writes the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills, known as the TEKS, for every subject and revises each one on its own cycle. The TEKS are the spine of what gets taught, what gets tested, and what students need to graduate. Districts build their curriculum around them.
A plain-language read of how the state runs school.
What students learn
English language arts follows the 2017 TEKS, which ask students to read closely and write with evidence from kindergarten on. Social studies runs as a long sequence that lands on a full year of US history in eighth grade, then a second pass in high school. Math and science follow their own TEKS, with science updated most recently in 2021 to bring more hands-on investigation into the classroom.
How students are measured
STAAR is the test that matters. Students in grades 3 through 8 sit for STAAR reading and math each spring, with science added in grades 5 and 8 and social studies in grade 8. High schoolers take five STAAR end-of-course exams in Algebra I, Biology, English I, English II, and US History, and they have to pass all five to earn a Texas diploma. English learners also take TELPAS each spring, and a sample of fourth and eighth graders sit for the national NAEP.
Frameworks adopted, by subject
The standards documents the state writes against in each subject.
The tests students take across K-12, grouped by purpose.
Language proficiency
Tests for English learners and world-language students.
English language
TELPAS (Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System)
Annual assessment of English language proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing for students identified as English learners in grades K-12.
STAAR Reading Language Arts is the spring summative reading and writing test for grades 3 through 5. Students answer multiple-choice and short-constructed-response items aligned to the TEKS for ELAR.
STAAR Reading Language Arts is the spring summative test for middle-grade ELAR. Students answer multiple-choice, constructed-response, and extended-constructed-response items aligned to the TEKS.
STAAR Mathematics is the spring summative math test for grades 3 through 5, aligned to the TEKS for math. Items include multiple-choice, gridded responses, and drag-and-drop.
STAAR Science is the grade 5 spring science test, aligned to the TEKS for science. Students show what they know across matter and energy, force and motion, Earth and space, and organisms.
End-of-course exam taken at the completion of Algebra I, typically grade 8 or 9. Students must pass all five STAAR EOCs to graduate from a Texas public high school.
NAEP (National Assessment of Educational Progress)
Federally administered sample-based assessment in reading, mathematics, science, writing, and other subjects. NAEP results inform state-by-state comparisons rather than individual student or school accountability.
No. Texas writes its own standards, called the TEKS (Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills). The State Board of Education adopts them subject by subject, so math, reading, science, and social studies each run on their own update cycle.
What is the STAAR test, and who has to take it?
STAAR is the spring state test. Students in grades 3 through 8 take it in reading and math, with science added in grades 5 and 8 and social studies in grade 8. High schoolers take STAAR end-of-course exams in Algebra I, Biology, English I, English II, and US History.
Do students have to pass STAAR to graduate?
Yes. To earn a Texas public high school diploma, students must pass all five STAAR end-of-course exams: Algebra I, Biology, English I, English II, and US History. Students who do not pass on the first try get retake opportunities.
How often do the standards change?
The State Board of Education reviews each subject on a rolling schedule, usually every six to ten years. Math was last adopted in 2012, ELAR in 2017, social studies in 2018, and science in 2021, so each subject is on a different clock.
Where can I see what students are supposed to learn this year?
Use the grade and subject menus on this page. Each grade links to the TEKS for that subject, broken down into the specific knowledge and skill statements students are expected to learn by the end of the year.
Sources
Every page link goes back to the state's own document.