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What does a student learn in ?

This is the year science becomes a habit of asking questions and looking closely. Students notice what is around them, like weather, plants, animals, rocks, and the way things push, pull, and move. They try simple tests, draw what they see, and talk about what they noticed. By spring, students can ask a question about something outside, gather a few clues, and share what they found in pictures or words.

  • Asking questions
  • Weather and sky
  • Plants and animals
  • Pushes and pulls
  • Sorting and patterns
  • Drawing observations
Source: Rhode Island Rhode Island Core Standards
Year at a glance
How the year usually goes. Every school and district set their own curriculum, so treat this as a guide, not official pacing.
  1. 1

    Wondering and asking questions

    Students learn to notice the world and ask questions about it. They watch closely, point out what they see, and start to think like scientists during walks, play, and classroom activities.

  2. 2

    Pushes, pulls, and motion

    Students explore how things move when pushed or pulled. They roll balls, slide blocks, and figure out what makes objects speed up, slow down, or change direction.

  3. 3

    Plants, animals, and what they need

    Students look at living things and what keeps them alive. They learn that plants need sunlight and water, animals need food and shelter, and people care for both.

  4. 4

    Weather and the sky

    Students track sunny, rainy, windy, and snowy days. They notice how weather changes with the seasons and talk about how the sun warms the ground around them.

  5. 5

    Building and solving problems

    Students try simple engineering. They sketch an idea, build it with blocks or paper, test what works, and change the design when something falls down or rolls the wrong way.

Mastery Learning Standards
The required skills a student should display by the end of Kindergarten.
Science and Engineering Practices
  • Asking Questions and Defining Problems

    Students learn to ask "why" and "how" questions about the world around them and figure out which questions can be tested or solved by building something.

  • Developing and Using Models

    Students draw or build simple models to show how something works or looks, like sketching the sun and clouds to explain the weather.

  • Planning and Carrying Out Investigations

    Students plan simple tests and gather information to answer a question, like checking whether objects sink or float, or which material feels rough.

  • Analyzing and Interpreting Data

    Students look at simple data, like a tally chart or picture graph, and say what it shows. They notice patterns, such as which group has more or which result happened most often.

  • Mathematics and Computational Thinking

    Students use counting, sorting, and simple numbers to help explain what they observe in science. Arranging objects by size or counting how many helps them describe patterns and share what they found.

  • Constructing Explanations

    Students look at what they observed or found out, then explain why they think something happened. They use what they saw as the reason, not just a guess.

  • Engaging in Argument from Evidence

    Students look at two possible answers to a question and use what they observed to decide which one makes more sense.

  • Communicating Information

    Students share what they notice and learn about the world around them. In kindergarten, this means describing observations out loud, through drawings, or with simple words.

Physical Science
  • Matter and Interactions

    Students touch, sort, and describe everyday objects to figure out what things are made of and how they behave. They learn that materials like water, sand, and wood each have their own properties.

  • Motion and Stability

    Students push, pull, roll, and drop objects to see how things start moving, stop, or stay still. Simple hands-on tests build an early sense of how force and motion work.

  • Students explore how energy shows up in everyday life, like light from a lamp or heat from the sun, and notice that energy can move from one place to another.

  • Waves and Information

    Students explore how waves move energy from one place to another, like sound traveling through the air when someone claps. They also look at how waves carry information, the way a bell or a flashing light sends a signal.

Life Science
  • Structures and Processes

    Students look closely at living things, like plants and animals, to learn what body parts they have and how those parts help them grow, move, and stay alive.

  • Ecosystems

    Students look at how plants, animals, and other living things in a place depend on each other for food and shelter. They explore where energy comes from and how it moves from one living thing to another.

  • Students look at plants, animals, and people to see which features get passed down from parents to offspring. Some traits match and some are different.

  • Biological Evolution

    Students sort living things by what they have in common and how they differ. A dog and a bird both have eyes, but one has fur and the other has feathers.

Earth and Space Science
  • Earth's Place in the Universe

    Students learn where Earth fits in space by exploring patterns they can see, like how the sun moves across the sky each day and how the moon changes shape over the month.

  • Earth's Systems

    Students look at how land, water, air, and living things work together on Earth. They notice what happens when these parts of the world affect each other, like rain soaking into soil or wind moving seeds.

  • Earth and Human Activity

    Students explore how things people do (like building roads or planting trees) change the land, and how natural events like floods or storms affect where and how people live.

Engineering, Technology, and Applications of Science
  • Engineering Design

    Students look at a simple problem, like keeping blocks from falling over, and think up ways to fix it. They try their ideas, see what works, and adjust until the design does its job better.

  • Links Among Engineering, Technology, and Society

    Students look at everyday objects, like bridges, tools, and lights, to see how people build things to solve problems and how those inventions change the way we live.

No state assessments at this grade
Students take their next one in Grade 4.
National Monitoring

NAEP (National Assessment of Educational Progress)

Federally administered sample-based assessment in reading, mathematics, science, and writing. NAEP results inform state-by-state comparisons rather than individual student or school accountability.

When given:
biennial in winter
Frequency:
every two years
Official source
Common Questions
  • What does science look like at this age?

    Science is mostly hands-on at this stage. Students watch the weather, sort leaves and rocks, push and pull toys to see what moves, and notice how plants and animals grow. The goal is to ask questions about the world and look for answers by trying things out.

  • How can I help with science at home?

    Go outside and notice things together. Ask what students see, hear, and wonder about. Watch clouds change, dig in dirt, drop different objects to see which falls faster, or water a plant for a week. Ten minutes of looking closely beats any worksheet.

  • Do students need to memorize science facts this year?

    No. Naming a few plants, animals, and weather words is plenty. What matters more is that students ask questions, make a guess, and check it. Facts will stick later once students have real things to attach them to.

  • What questions should students be able to ask and answer?

    Questions like why a shadow moves, where rain comes from, what a plant needs to grow, or how to build a ramp that rolls a ball farther. Students should be able to try something, watch what happens, and say what they noticed.

  • How should the year be sequenced?

    Most teachers start with weather and the sky, move into living things in fall and spring when changes are easy to see, and weave in pushes, pulls, and simple building projects all year. Keep one science practice (asking, observing, comparing) at the center of each unit.

  • Which science skills usually need the most reteaching?

    Recording what you see and comparing two things side by side. Students often jump to an answer before they look closely. Short routines like draw-what-you-see and which-one-changed pay off all year and feed directly into first grade work.

  • How much of science should be reading versus doing?

    Mostly doing. Read a short book or watch a clip to set up an idea, then spend the bulk of the time observing, building, or testing. A science notebook with drawings and a few labels is a better record than a worksheet at this age.

  • How will I know students are ready for next year?

    Students are ready when they can ask a question about something they noticed, try a simple test, and say what changed. Sorting objects by how they feel or move, drawing a plant or animal with its parts, and describing today's weather are all good signs.